Decision Usefulness Approach - 2877 Words

| Decision Usefulness Approach | Can the decision usefulness approach make financial reporting more useful? | | | | | Prepared by Jing Wang Abstract This paper explores the question whether the financial statements can be made more useful. This leads to an important concept in accounting-- the concept of decision usefulness. To properly understand this concept, this paper outlines other theories from economics and finance to assist in conceptualizing the meaning of useful financial statement information. The main purpose of this paper is to introduce the concept of decision usefulness approach, related†¦show more content†¦Therefore, in order to adopt the decision usefulness approach, three major questions must be addressed: 1. Who are the users of financial statements? It is helpful to categorize users into broad groups, such as investors, creditors, managers, unions, standard setters, and governments, etc. These groups are called constituencies of accounting. * Investors * Holders of equity securities, such as common stocks, preferred shares * Holders of partnership interest * Other equity holders or owners * Creditors * Purchaser of debt instrument * Lend economic resources * Manager * Inside financial statements provider and user * Has a different incentive of using financial statements than outsiders’ * Other users (provide resources) * Employees – provide human capital in exchange for salary, remuneration and pension. * Suppliers – extend credit to facilitate sales. * Customers – prepay for goods and services. * Union, standard setters and governments-provide policies and regulations. In order to take a close look into various financial statement users’ behaviour, two theories or concepts should be outlined here: * Single-person decision theory Single-person decision theory takes the viewpoint of an individual who much make a decision under conditions of uncertainty. * It suggests how a rational individual makes optimal decisions in the presence of uncertainty. * ItShow MoreRelatedMeasurement Approach to Decision Usefulness1497 Words   |  6 PagesMEASUREMENT APPROACH TO DECISION USEFULNESS †¢ (184) MEASUREMENT APPROACH: i. ii. iii. Accountants (not investors) â€Å"undertake a responsibility† To incorporate CURRENT VALUE ACCOUNTING directly in to the F/S Provided â€Å"reasonable (37) reliability† iv. v. a. b. As part of an â€Å"increased obligation† of the accounting profession â€Å"To assist investors to predict future performance and value† Performance = N.I. Value = share price vi. Via a â€Å"more informative information system† Read MoreAn Exploration Of Andrew Lennards Article : Stewardship And The Objective Of Financial Statements1473 Words   |  6 Pagesof financial reporting, specifically; stewardship and decision-usefulness, and whether these should be a single joint objective, or two separate ones. Through his writing, Lennard educates his readers on the argument and helps them develop their own opinions. The base of the article is built around IASB’s preliminary views which work on the conceptual idea that the financial reporting framework should have an objective of decision-usefulness, and enough information will be able to be drawn fromRead MoreFinancial Accounting Theory the Reporting Environment1578 Words   |  7 Pagesto explaining why current practice is carried out in the manner that it is (positive theory). Normative theorists usually attempt to derive either the ‘true income’ or adopt the ‘decision — usefulness’ approach whereby accounting reports are an input into users’ decisions (e.g., to buy or sell shares, management decisions on the financial wealth of firms, etc.). The major issues are the impact of the changing price environment (prices) and the impact on income, assets, liabilities and equity. As aRead MoreEssay On Learning Transfer1325 Words   |  6 PagesProgram Evaluation Model The Decision-based Approach The decision-based approach is appropriate for a program established to increase retention because it allows questions to be utilized in the guidance of the program rather than objectives serving as the criteria for the program (Spaulding, 2014). Questions are asked by those directly involved in the program, such as directors that seek clarity to an issue like retention among adult learners. The decision-based approach allows questions to be presentedRead MoreFinancial Accounting Theory - Ball and Brown Study1674 Words   |  7 Pagesimpact the share price, is the efficient capital market. Namely, the efficient security market will go hand in hand with full disclosure. Once the relevant information provided by the management on the timely basis, the rational investors could make decision based on the new information. Moreover, there are some differences between the narrow window and the long window, the previous one show the strong relationship between the financial report and the changes in share price. In long window, the priceRead MoreUsefulness and Reliability of Information Provided By Corporations1474 Words   |  6 Pagesreporting is the usefulness and reliability of information provided by corporations. The financial accounting standard board defines usefulness as the information that is useful for the users in decision making (FASB, 2011). Reliability is inferred when the information is verified, objective, and can be relied on. Therefore, Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 157 standardizes the valuation and disclosure of fair value for assets and liabilities in order to achieve both usefulness and reliabilityRead MoreHow Models Can Be Beneficial For Sustainability Science?1042 Words   |  5 Pagesthat will lead to the best decisions regarding the longevity of environm ental systems and how to go about ensuring the sustainability of these systems. Models can be beneficial in sustainability science and provide useful information pertaining to scientists and policy makers, but that requires proper use and implementation. Models have some risk associated with them in regards to sustainability science, and if not considered, a model can have shortcomings in usefulness. By looking at both the valuesRead MoreAmerican Idol Case632 Words   |  3 Pagesdefinition of the problem presented when Marcello amp; Litzenberger analyze that professionals resistance to pursing marketing research. b) Only Mentioned Development of an Approach to the Problem.- This step occurs when they identify the information that they needed to make their objective (demonstrating the usefulness of marketing research) or theoretical framework come true, and make hypotheses. c) Research Design Formulation.- This next step is acquired when the characters decided to â€Å"whatRead MoreA Business Perspective Of Management Discipline1299 Words   |  6 Pagesbusiness sense and we look at them in the world of medicine and law there are several key similarities. These include but are not limited to the fact that there are tough decisions that need to be made. Decisions that affect the outcome of day to day activities, projects, and what not are all effected by people making tough decisions. Furthermore I believe that the discipline relates to how in most cases and most of the time people either in management, medicine, or law attempt to make the greatestRead MorePrincipal vs Rule Based Accounting1733 Words   |  7 Pagesfocused on objectives and hence user-friendly to the masses. (3) It is said that rules provide greater comparability due to application of consistent rules on events and transactions. Furthermore, Sunder’s article argues that IFR S’s principle-based approach introduces more judgement, â€Å"giving rise to greater variability in application than a more detailed rule†. However, comparability can be enhanced under PBA if more disclosures are made on key judgements made. (4) Due to its authoritative and prescriptive

The Conditions For Factory Workers In Nineteenth Century...

The Conditions For Factory Workers In Nineteenth Century Britain In the nineteenth century some people thought that factories were the best thing that ever created in Great Britain, however, workers inside them thought differently. No group was as exploited as children, who were put to work before they could read or write.Children were employed in industry and agriculture as soon as they started using their hands and were able to walk. They worked in farms, mills, factories, coalmines and on the streets. They sacrificed having an education for working long hours for little money, working in unacceptable conditions for employers who had no interest in safety. Children were put to work†¦show more content†¦The Factory Act, 1833 was an attempt to set up a normal working day in a single department of industry, textile manufacture. The way in which it planned to do this was the following: The working day was to start at 5.30 a.m. and stop at 8.30 p.m. A young person (aged thirteen to eighteen) might not be employed beyond any period of twelve hours, excluding one and a half for meals,and a child (aged nine to thirteen) beyond any period of nine hours. From 8.30 p.m. to 5.30 a.m.; that is during the night,the employment of such people was forbidden. The Factory Act of 1844 is an extremely important one in the history of family legislation. The Act reduced the hours of work for children between eight and thirteen to six and a half a day, either in the morning or afternoon, no child being allowed to work in both on the same day, except on alternate days, and then only for ten hours. Young persons and women (now included for the first time) were to have the same hours, i.e. not more than twelve for the first five days of the week (with one and a half out for meals), and nine on Saturday. Certificates ofShow MoreRelatedPositive Aspects Compared to the Negative Aspects of the Industrial Revolution1404 Words   |  6 Pagestelevision would disappear. Most of the stocks on the shelves of department stores would be gone. Over the course of a century, Britain went from a largely rural, agrarian population to a country of industrialized towns, factories, mines and workshops. Britain was, in fact, already beginning to develop a manufacturing industry during the beginning years of the early 18th century, but it was from the 1730s that its growth accelerated. Although some parts of the Industrial Revolution can be seen asRead MoreLaissez Faire Vs. State Intervention1467 Words   |  6 Pages1800s: Laissez-faire vs. State Intervention What does, exactly, ‘laissez-faire’ mean? According to the Oxford dictionary, this French term means literally ‘allow to do’, however, in nineteenth century Britain, this word was used to define a new policy of non-intervention in free market affairs by governments, in order to allow things to follow their own course without any external help, as suggested from some of the most famous economists of the era, as Adam Smith, his followers Thomas Robert MalthusRead MoreEuropean Factory Workers and Urban Artisans718 Words   |  3 Pagesthe eighteenth century much of Europe was experiencing an industrial production, furthering toward a more industrial society. Many people were supporting the new society, while others were criticizing it. From 1845-1847 Europe was experiencing poor harvests, which caused the Irish famine. Irish peasants died from starvation, while others migrated. Artisans and factory workers were undergoing a process called proletarianization. It was where an owner would pay a wage and the worker would lose allRead MoreThe Role of the Factory in the Early Industrial Revolution Essay777 Words   |  4 PagesWhat was the role of the factory in the early Industrial Revolution? What made the factory system possible? The Industrial Revolution in Great Britain is recognized as a period of great industrial capitalism, machine development, and emergence of the working class.1 The growth of factories began shortly after Richard Arkwright patented the spinning frame in 1769.2 Factories allowed for hundreds of unskilled workers to find jobs running machines and drastically changed their lifestyles as jobsRead MoreIndustrial Revolution : A Working Class Citizen1295 Words   |  6 Pagesof factories opened where goods were manufactured. These goods were created at a much faster pace than ever before, and required big machines and lots of physical labor. The labor came from the citizens in England who were former farmers who urbanized and moved to the cities. These people made up the working class in England and they provided the labor in the factories. For the most part the factories were very crowded, hot and dangerous for the workers. But was this life in the factory betterRead MoreThe Effect Of The Industrial Revolution On The Working Class987 Words   |  4 PagesIndustrial revolution started in Britain around 1750 and by 1850 it will make Great Britain the wealthiest country in the world. The revolution also spread to other European countries and the New World. Both Germany and United States will surpass Britain in the next fifty years. What was the effect of The Industrial Revolution on the working class? Spielvogels ´ text â€Å"The Foundry and Engineering Works of the Royal Overseas Trading Company Factory Rule† is from a factory in Berlin, 1844. It shows a setRead MoreModern Day Economic Conditions During The Industrial Revolution875 Words   |  4 PagesAlthough modern day economic conditions are vastly different when compared to the economic conditions that the British had while they were industrializing, China most closely resembles Britain as it entered into the industrial revolution. Today, China is one of the fastest growing industrializing economies in the world (GDP growth rate ~8%) and can credit this to their shift from an agrarian economy to an industrial economy, their abundance of natural resources, cheap labor, and rapid urbanizationRead MoreIndustrialization Of The Industrial Revolution1797 Words   |  8 Pagesaspect of live in the nineteenth century including technology, government, communication, environment and eventually society as a whole.1 Although industrialisation created many positives for modern society, for people in Britain up to the end of the nineteenth century it had many significantly negative consequences. With the long term advances made for society came the then current development of overcrowding cities abundant with pollution, health problems and poor living conditions for the working classRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution And The First World War2036 Words   |  9 PagesPrior to the Industrial Revolution, the workers in Western society mainly worked with agriculture. The economy depended on agriculture but this began to change at the start of the Industrial Revolution which dates back to 1712 with the invention of the steam engine. This invention led to a plethora of breakthroughs for industries such as the coal and iron industries. As a result of the enclosure movement, the poor who did not have a home were hired to work in the fields or in the cotton industryRead MoreSocial Changes During The Industrial Re volution1539 Words   |  7 PagesThe Industrial Revolution in Britain led to many social changes for the country as well as its people. Prior to the revolution, many people, especially of the lower class in terms of wealth, lived in the countryside where they worked fields to feed their own families. After the Industrial Revolution began, however, this all changed as the demand for more and more goods became abundant, and a method of increasing the supply was needed. Factories would be built in towns by the upper class business

Lucid Dreams Essay Example For Students

Lucid Dreams Essay What is Lucid Dreaming, and How Can I Control My Dreams?Info from totse.comThe term lucid dreaming refers to dreaming while knowing that you are actually dreaming. The lucid part refers to the clarity of consciousness rather than the vividness of the dream. It generally happens when you realize during the course of a dream that you are dreaming, perhaps because something weird occurs. Most people who remember their dreams have experienced this at some time, often waking up immediately after the realization. However, it is possible to continue in the dream while remaining fully aware that you are dreaming. Usually lucidity brings with it some degree of control over the course of the dream. How much control is possible varies from dream to dream and from dreamer to dreamer. Practice can apparently contribute to the ability to exert control over dream events. At the least, lucid dreamers can choose how they wish to respond to the events of the dream. For example, you can decide to face up to a frightening dream figure, knowing it cannot harm you, rather than to try to avoid the danger as you naturally would if you did not know it was a dream. Even this amount of control can transform the dream experience from one in which you are the helpless victim of frequently terrifying, frustrating, or maddening experiences to one in which you can dismiss for a while the cares and concerns of waking life. On the other hand, some people are able to achieve a level of mastery in their lucid dreaming where they can create any world, live any fantasy, and experience anything they can imagine. Because the laws of physics and society are repealed many people share a desire for lucid dreaming. The only limits are the reaches of your imagination. Much of the potential of dreams is wasted because people do not recognize that they are dreaming. When we are not lucid in a dream, we think and behave as if we are in waking reality. This can lead to pointless frustration, confusion and wasted energy, and in the worst case, terrifying nightmares. Anxiety dreams and nightmares can be overcome through lucid dreaming, because if you know you are dreaming you have nothing to fear. Dream images cannot hurt you. Lucid dreams, in addition to helping you lead your dreams in satisfying directions, enjoy fantastic adventures, and overcome nightmares, can be valuable tools for success in your life Lucid dreamers can deliberately employ the natural creative potential of dreams for problem solving and artistic inspiration. Athletes, performers, or anyone who gives presentations can prepare, prac tice and polish their performances while they sleep. This is only a taste of the varietyof ways people have used lucid dreaming to expand their lives. There are several methods of inducing lucid dreams. The first step, regardless of method, is to develop your dream recall until you can remember at least one dream per night. Then, if you have a lucid dream you will remember it. You will also become very familiar with your dreams, making it easier learn to recognize them while they are happening. If you recall your dreams you can begin immediately with two simple techniques for stimulating lucid dreams. Lucid dreamers make a habit of reality testing. This means investigating the environment to decide whether you are dreaming or awake. Ask yourself many times a day, Could I be dreaming? Then, test the stability of your current reality by reading some words, looking away and looking back while trying to will them to change The instability of dreams is the easiest clue to use for disting uishing waking from dreaming. If the words change, you are dreaming. Taking naps is a way to greatly increaseyour chances of having lucid dreams. You have to sleep long enough in the nap to enter REM sleep. If you take the nap in the morning (after getting up earlier than usual), you are likely to enter REM sleep within a half-hour to an hour after you fall asleep. If you nap for 90 minutes to 2 hours you will have plenty of dreams and a higher probability of becoming lucid than in dreams you have during a normal nights sleep. Focus on your intention to recognize that you are dreaming as you fall asleep within the nap. .u1c2200507e20189ac78fd797180c99a7 , .u1c2200507e20189ac78fd797180c99a7 .postImageUrl , .u1c2200507e20189ac78fd797180c99a7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1c2200507e20189ac78fd797180c99a7 , .u1c2200507e20189ac78fd797180c99a7:hover , .u1c2200507e20189ac78fd797180c99a7:visited , .u1c2200507e20189ac78fd797180c99a7:active { border:0!important; } .u1c2200507e20189ac78fd797180c99a7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1c2200507e20189ac78fd797180c99a7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1c2200507e20189ac78fd797180c99a7:active , .u1c2200507e20189ac78fd797180c99a7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1c2200507e20189ac78fd797180c99a7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1c2200507e20189ac78fd797180c99a7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1c2200507e20189ac78fd797180c99a7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1c2200507e20189ac78fd797180c99a7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1c2200507e20189ac78fd797180c99a7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1c2200507e20189ac78fd797180c99a7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1c2200507e20189ac78fd797180c99a7 .u1c2200507e20189ac78fd797180c99a7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1c2200507e20189ac78fd797180c99a7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Timeline of My Broken Childhood EssayExternal cues to help people attain lucidity in dreams have been the focus of Dr. Stephen LaBerges research and the Lucidity Institutes development efforts for several years. Using the results of laboratory studies, they have designed a portable device, called the DreamLight, for this purpose. It monitors sleep and when it detects REM sleep it gives a cue, a flashing light that enters the dream to remind the dreamer to become lucid. The light comes from a soft mask worn during sleep that also contains the sensing apparatus for determining when the sleeper is in REM sleep. A small custom computer connected to the mask by a cord decides w hen the wearer is in REM and when to flash the lights.Words/ Pages : 848 / 24

Times of India Essay Example

Times of India Essay True learning is born out of experience and observation practical experience is one of the best types of leanings that one can remember throughout the life. After II semesters in learning theoretical aspects of administration and management, the day come to apply these incorporate world in content of modern industrial enterprise that has to go through its different terminal to achieve that corporate goals. The main object of practical training is to develop practical knowledge and experience and awareness about industrial environment and business practices in the student as a supplement to theoretical studies of administration and management in specific area like HRM. It increases the skill, ability and attitude of a student to perform specific job in industrial environment. Fortunately, I got golden opportunity to visit and complete my six week training at THE TIMES OF INDIA. Here, I got chance to see the functioning HRD departments and imbibe alot learning of the subjects THE TIMES OF INDIA is a wide Organization producing newspapers, the main productsincludeTimes of India, Economic Times, Radio Mirchi etc. It has developed in many fields. Today guess is a legend in the world of business and organisation at a home and abroad. 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Through this acknowledgement, I express my sincere gratitude towards all those people who have helped me in the preparation of this project, which has been learning experience. We will write a custom essay sample on Times of India specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Times of India specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Times of India specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer I appreciate the co-operation by the management and staff of ‘THE TIMES OF INDIA’ for having given me -the opportunity to training in their office. I would like to thanks the Head Of the Department Dr. A. Kumar , the faculty , the librarian and the administrative staff of Department of Business Administration, Bhavnagar University, Bhavnagar, for their support. Finally, I express my sincere thanks to Mr. Ashok Solanki and Mr. Hemant Patel who guided me throughout the project and gave me Valuable suggestion and encouragement. INTRODUCTION OF THE TIMES OF INDIA The first edition appears on November 3, 1838 known as The Bombay Times and Journal of Commerce†. Later to be known as â€Å"The Times of India â€Å". The first edition appears on November3, 1838 known as The Bombay Times and Journal of Commerce. The issue is published twice a week. Dr. J. E. Brennan the first editor also Secretary of the Chamber of Commerce. Rs 30/- is the annual subscription. 1846 The new spaper experiences proprietary changes and Dr. George Brit appointed editor. 850 Shareholders decide to increase the share capital and the paper converted into a daily 1855 Telegraph Services opens up in India shortly afterwards, the paper signs an agreement with Reuters for raising news coverage and lowering subscription rates. That old tie was renewed in 2006 with the pact between TIMESNOW amp; Reuters 1861 Editor Robert Knight amalgamates The Bombay Times, Bombay Standard and Bombay Telegraph amp; Courier to form The Times of India and gives it a national character. 1880 The Times of India Weekly edition launched . The Times of India weekly edition launched, to meet the need for a weekend paper. This later came to be known as the Illustrated Weekly of India in 1923. TheTimes of India Weekly edition launched. 1890 Editor Henry Curwen buys TOI in partnership with Charles Kane. 1892 Following the death of Henry Curwen, T. Bennett becomes the editor and enters into a partnership with F. M. Coleman to form a joint stock company Bennett, Coleman amp; Co. Ltd. (BCCL). 1902 The paper moves in to its current office opposite CST. It started out at the Paris Bazar and then moved on to Church gate where things got so bad that editor Bennett had to complete his editorial elsewhere after the ceiling fan collapsed in his room. 907 Editor Stanley Reed revolutionises news production by extending the deadline to midnight. Until then any news that came in after 5pm was held over for the next day. TOIs first price war under editor Stanley Reed: price cut from 4 Anna’s to 1 Anna; circulation rises 5 times. 1923 Evening News of India launched 1929 The Times Of India Illustrated Weekly ren amed The Illustrated Weekly Of India 1930The Column Bombay 100 Years ago published 1930 The Column Bombay 100 Years ago published First movie review published 1940 First time news items appeared on the front page 1946 For the first time the paper transfers to Indian ownership. Seth Ramakrishna Dalmia buys out Bennett, Coleman amp; Co. Ltd. For Rs. 2 crores. 1948 Sahu Jain Group become the owners of the company. Shanti Prasad Jain is the first Chairman of the group 1950 ? Navbharat Times launched ?The TOI Crest changes from the lions to elephants ?Dharmayug, Hindi weekly pictorial magazine launched ?Frank Moraes succeeded Ivor Jehu to become the first Indian editor (1950-57)R K Laxman’s common man cartoon starts. * 1952 Filmfare- first film magazine in English launched * 1959 Femina- first women’s magazine in English launched * 1961 The Economic Times launched 1962 Maharashtra Times launched * 1965 Femina Miss India contest started. * 1987 Printing of The Times of India from Kandivili Press in Mumbai. * 1988 Times of India completes 150 years. Special stamp released by P amp; * 1991 BBC features Times of India amongworlds six great newspapers * 1994 Bombay Times, the sassy colour supplement that chronicles the changing lifestyle mores of a glo balising city is launched. * 1996 Times of India carry its first colour photograph. Times of India crosses 1 million mark in circulation. * 1998 BCCL enters into music market with Times Music. 1999 Indiatimes. com launched * 1999 BCCL enters music retailing business with Planet M and radio broadcasting business with Radio Mirchi * 2000 TOI crosses the 2 million mark in circulation. * 2001 TOI goes all colour and storms Delhi by beingNumber One * 2003 President APJ Abdul Kalam visits TOI to inaugurate Times Foundation * 2004 Television business launched with the launch of a lifestyle and entertainment channel called ZOOME Paper launched Times cape- the Times Group Intranet launched. Launch of the jobs portal Times Jobs http://www. imesjobs. com. Times Jobs. compioneered the concept of job fairs in India,branded as‘Big Leap’ * 2005 MT – Largest read Marathi Newspaper in Mumbai – IRSsurvey * TOI – Goes daily full colour * Mumbai Mirror launched TimesMa tri. com Launched in August re-launched as * SimplyMarry. com in December 2006. * 2006 TIMES NOW – TV News Channel launched ET – first newspaper available on cell phone Mumbai Mirror – Afternoon edition launched Offers Mumbai Mirror or Maharashtra Times as complimentary copy with TOI at a price of Rs. /- TOI – The only English language daily to feature among the top 10 with a readership of 131. 4lakhs- IRS Survey by Hansa Research Times Group MD, Mr Vineet Jain awarded the scroll of honour for being the new age media guru Hero Honda Indian TV Academy Awards Times cape the Times Group Intranet portal re-launched now powered by SAP Net weaver BCCL goes live on SAP systemMagicBricks. com – launched in October 2006 targets the Online Real Estate Space Smart Hire – launched April2006, is witnessing stupendous growth with its focus on providing organisations with end-to-end recruitment solutions. Ads2Book. com – The World’s Only Global Ad Booking Engine -Relaunched in August 2006With intensive Ramp;D, the Net-2-Print classifieds booking systemAds2Book. com was created and imbued with AI (artificial intelligence) that assisted users through the entire process of Creating, Booking amp; Paying for their Print Classified Ads, all from the comfort of their desktop. KEY MANAGEMENT amp; EDITORIAL HEADS KEY MANAGEMENT HEADS BCCL PROMOTERS amp; DIRECTORS Chairperson : Indu Jain Vice-Chairman amp; MD: Samir Jain Managing Director: Vineet Jain BOARD OF DIRECTORS Executive Director : Trishla Jain Executive Director amp; CEO : Ravindra Dhariwal Executive Director amp; COO : Shrijeet Mishra Executive Director amp; President: Arunabh Das Sharma Non-Executive Director: A. P. Parigi Non-Executive Director: Kalpana J. Morparia Non Executive Director: M. Damodaran Non Executive Director: Leo Puri Times Television Network (comprising TGBCL and ZEN) Group CEO (TV business): Sunil Lulla ZEN CEO: Avinash Kaul Times Internet Limited CEO: Satyan Gajwani Times of Money President: Avijit Nanda Times Business Solutions Ltd CEO: Satyan Gajwani Times VPL CEO: Sunil Rajshekhar Worldwide Media CEO: Tarun Rai Entertainment Network (India) Ltd CEO: Prashant Panday Alternate Brand Solutions (I) Ltd CEO: Prashant Panday Times Innovative Media Limited CEO: Sunder Hemrajani Absolute Radio CEO: Donnach O Driscoll Times Foundation Head: Shailendra Nautiyal EDITORIAL HEADS The Times of India Editorial Director: Jaideep Bose Executive Editor: Arindam Sengupta Economic Times Editorial Director: Rahul Joshi Maharashtra Times Executive Editor: Ashok Panwalkar Navbharat Times Executive Editor: Ramkripal Singh Mumbai Mirror Executive Editor: Meenal Baghel Speaking Tree Executive Editor: Narayani Ganesh Vijaya Karnataka Executive Editor: E. Raghavan Times Now Executive Editor: Arnab Goswami ET Now Executive Editor: R. Sridharan Zoom Executive Editor: Omar Qureshi Code of Conduct for Employees You shall not borrow or lend money within the Company. You shall disclose all your interests including investments in other companies and your relatives in politics to ensure that you are unbiased in your work. You or your immediate relative(s) shall refuse any gift offered by any person(s) who has or may seek to have dealings with the Company. The Company’s reputation and the respect of those with whom it deals with are among its most vital assets. These must not be jeopardized by acceptance of any gifts. However, gifts given as prizes at exhibitions, conferences, seminars, etc. or as part of a free raffle or draw may be accepted but in principle they belong to the company. Any Hospitality/ Entertainment which is of substantial monetary value should be refused. It would however be too rigid to say that no hospitality should be accepted. Some examples of hospitality / entertainment which may be acceptable (subject to a nominal limit of Rs. 00/-) depends on who is providing the hospitality, why the employee is there and the nature of the dealings between the Company, the employee and the provider of the hospitality: e. g. a working meal provided to allow parties to discuss or to continue to discuss business, invitation to attend a dinner or function of a Society, Institute or other non-commercial body with whom the Co mpany has contact, invitations to attend functions where the employee represents the Company (opening ceremonies, public speaking events and conferences). The Company shows more appreciation for those who keep away from smoking and drinking and discourages all forms of substance abuse. The protocols and culture of the Company should be respected as being different from those in other Institutions or Organizations. The Company does not encourage practices, designations, courtesies, etc. followed in other Institutions or Organizations because the same delays the process. The Company’s courtesies and protocols are meant to expedite the transactions. The Company believes that people who perform over-courtesies tend to cause divisiveness in the Company. In the course of training and development as well as your engagement with the Company you will be privy to or possess proprietary and confidential information/ knowledge including trade secrets and the Company‘s confidential business, marketing and publishing strategies. The same shall not be used by you except in the interest of the Company. You will not part with any information that would be detrimental to the Company’s interests, nor shall you make any statement to the press/ media on any such issues on behalf of the Company or otherwise, unless authorized specifically by the competent authority. In the event of any emergency where intellectual property created, written, given or made by you is sought by the Government, then the same will be delivered with due written permission of the Company. In such a case, an application for the same is to be made to the competent authority of the Company by the Government Agency desiring the same, citing appropriate reason. Other organs of the State including Government or Public Institutions may proposition you to do specialized writings on the plea that only you can do such specialized writing on laudable subjects such as military, national integration, etc. You are aware that when you take up such assignments it is in deviation and conflict with your employment relationship with the Company. If ever you are permitted to make such a contribution for the nation, it will then, obviously, be the contribution of the Company and you will be duty bound to project and represent so that the Company gets due acknowledgement. As you are in employment with a high visibility leader media Company, you may be pampered, mollycoddled and felicitated by the Government and other organs of State or Sections of the Civil Society for their Public Relation (PR) reason. Senior members of the Government including Ministers may visit you on various occasions such as your anniversaries, birthdays, etc. for their PR purpose. Since you would be involved in the processing of news and handling of events of importance to people belonging to public or special celebrity group, you thus occupy a position of importance to these groups, who will obviously make reverential gestures to you for their PR need. You will not expect the same from the Company, as your relationship with the Company strictly is that of employer-employee and the Company has no need to do any PR with you. The Company has often welcomed former employees back, and it is a matter of record that people have left and returned. The Company has never felt the need to hold farewell events which have no rationale. In the event you resign/ separate from the Company, you will not recruit, select or influence in any way, any employee of our Company or anyone working with us on contract, to join your future employment, as an employee or partner or any other form of work association, after the separation of your services with us. Oral Promises/ Commitments: The Company believes that mere casual conversations are not commitments. Where such conversations have led to commitments the onus is obviously on the employee to submit proof of such commitments if at all made. But the reality is that in the absence of any written commitment, no individual and no Company can ever get to the truth of such claims. And therefore any side talk or commitment unless duly recorded are unfounded and untenable. While such claims are generally without any substance they end up causing needless stress and wastage of time. Oral promises do not constitute a contract between the individual and the Company and are by no way binding on the Company. Such oral talks even if so held sans contract, do not constitute any enforceable claims. Rewards are at best contextual, linked to obligations or performance or responsibility. A written contract therefore states in black and white the obligations followed by the reward and is therefore acknowledged and enforced by the Company as opposed to unfounded promises. Code of Conduct for Journalists (applicable for all Times Group brands) As a brand, all Times Group Brands (hereinafter referred to as Times) draws its power and influence from two things: Our ability to deliver the complete story: making sure our facts are correct, citing our sources, and providing analysis and context The confidence of our readers that we are unbiased in our reporting and have no agenda to further save that of accurate reporting. This Code of Conduct must be observed in spirit, not just to the letter. The purpose is to avoid any conflict of interests, any compromise of the Companys reputation and any bias, whether real or perceived, on the part of the Company staff, be it journalists, sub-editors, editors, cameramen, photographers or senior managers etc. Adherence to these principles is an essential part of their responsibilities in Times and shall form part of their contractual obligations with the Company and hence they should at all times conduct themselves as per this code. This code is necessarily not comprehensive it may not cover each and every ethical dilemma that a Times journalist might face. But we hope that it will indicate the spirit in which you should react to such dilemmas and as always, when in doubt, please consult with your supervisor or your senior editor. All Times staffers must conduct themselves by the following rules: Confidentiality: The Company will regularly receive confidential information as part of normal news gathering. All information which is not in the public domain is confidential. This includes information relating to the Company, its shareholders and to any company, for example information about advertisers credit and financial position. We will abide by the terms of confidentiality and shall not breach a confidence or use confidential information improperly or carelessly. Church and State. Our reporting and analysis is entirely independent of our advertising and investment departments (Response / Sales and Brand Capital). We do not give preferential treatment to advertisers / treaty partners nor do we entertain requests from the business departments of BCCL to do so. We observe the Chinese wall between editorial and business. Quality journalism a) To provide the best reportage and analysis to our readers and viewers, we must ensure we are: Accurate: We must present information that is true, and we must verify every fact and quote what we print. Your editors have the mandate to demand to see proof of any information that you base a story on, and to know the source of information that is potentially sensitive. Unbiased: We must carry both sides of the story. If we are doing a negative story, we HAVE to give the subject time to respond and carry their official denial or statement that they declined to comment, if that is what they choose to do. We should always talk to an unbiased third party, which may or may not feature prominently in the story before printing it. Attributed: While we must sometimes use anonymous sources, we should restrict them to the absolutely essential cases. In all cases we should explain why the source is anonymous, and we should attempt to describe the sources relation to the story for example a banker involved with the negotiations rather than sources close to the development Verified: We have missed stories because of our conservative approach. We have often had stories and not run them because of that elusive last bit of onfirmation; we have woken up the next morning or several mornings later to find the same news with far fewer details in some other paper. In the long run, missing a story here or there is better for the brand and its credibility than running with a story prematurely and being forced to retract it. Honest: We do not make up quotes or information to support our story, nor do we appropriate the work of others whether its other media or any other written / audio-visual work and pass it off as our own . Plagiarism is a firing offence at Times. We must also be seen to be honest, which has implications on our interactions with sources, officials of the companies we cover, and communications professionals or mediators in these interactions. We are also honest about our mistakes: if we get something wrong, we will carry a correction, and we must do so at the earliest available opportunity. If we make corrections to our online copy, we will include an update/ editors note that states that a correction has been made. We will not use offensive language, obscenities and racist / sexist / religious terms in any copy or script, unless they are part of a direct quote and their usage is critical to the story being reported. We do not pay for information, nor do we promise financial gain to our sources in exchange for information. We do not accept gifts or money from sources, PR agencies or companies that we cover. A box of chocolates / sweets or a calendar or diary is acceptable anything else should be returned with a note explaining that it is our company policy, and reported to the Managing Editor. An exception is sample products for review purposes: You may use / retain the product for only as long as it reasonably takes to review a few days should be the outer limit. You should restrict the usage to what is required to write a well-researched review, and not for personal use that does not contribute to the review. No Times staffer should solicit a junket, plant/corporate visits or trips abroad. If they genuinely broaden horizons and add value to a persons knowledge base, such a visit can be considered, but there should not be the slightest hint of solicitation. At times, your sources might want to take you out to lunch, dinner, drinks etc. Since these are times when the source tends to relax and lower his guard, use your judgement on when to accept. But at all times make it clear that these are professional interactions, not social ones. The same applies to PRs weve made it a rule for trainees that they do not have a drink/meal/coffee with any PR for the first two years that they are with Times. Apply the spirit of that rule to your interactions with all PRs you should never give them the chance to act like you owe them something. If you feel you need to return a lunch or dinner someplace a little more expensive than the Press Club, please inform your editor, and we will see if some reimbursement can be organized. We do not do previews of stories or package or shows no source or company/person being featured can see the story or the package before it goes to print/air. We can, and should, however, email quotes that will be used in stories to sources for confirmation. In addition, no staffer will reveal the contents of the paper/channel to any outsider in advance of their appearance in print/on-air. This includes the distribution/dissemination of advance copies/CDs or digital files of any Times content. Note: Times reserves the right to modify and expand the code of conduct from time to time, as appropriate. Economic Times and ET Now Code of Financial Conduct ET/ET Now are Indias most respected financial-news brand because it stands squarely for certain values: accuracy, reliability, fairness and integrity. Our journalism, across media platforms, is committed to these values. The changing industry and regulatory environments require us to uphold even higher standards to protect, defend and enhance the Companys reputation for accurate, unbiased journalism. Whatever it is you report on, you should ensure that there is never a situation which could lead to a suspicion that the Company, its publications and television channels, or its editors and journalists are biased. Hence you, whether in a managerial or an editorial capacity, must conduct yourself in a manner that reinforces the integrity of the companys operations as well as perceptions of such integrity. No employee will take advantage of information that is not in public domain but to which he/she has gained access by virtue of his/her association with ET/ET Now or its affiliates. No employee will communicate such privileged information to another person, either within or outside the organization, who may be in a position to take advantage of it. To ensure that our integrity is not compromised, especially in our coverage of markets, companies and policy, all employees are required to adhere to certain rules about financial investments made by them or their close relations, including spouse/companion. You may invest in individual equities but are required to hold each stock for a minimum of three months in order to eliminate the possibility of short-term trades based on privileged access to corporate information. Any exceptions must have prior approval of the Executive Editor, in writing. You will not buy or sell shares in a company that competes with ET/ET Now or its affiliates. You are, however, free to hold and/or sell any such shares that you currently own by virtue of previous employment. . You must not engage in, or facilitate, inside dealing. The fundamental principle of inside information is that if you are in possession of non-public (unpublished) information which could have an impact negative or positive on the value of a financial investment or other investments, you must keep it strictly confidential and not deal or recommend to others to deal in those shares. This restriction applies to your immediate family, friends and associates or any family trusts or other investment vehicle and lasts for as long as the information is outside the public domain. Reporters, researchers and anchorpersons who cover and comment on particular companies may not hold stakes, in the companies they cover, to avoid any conflict between their coverage and investment interests. The principle behind this is that if the story or comment that goes to print or air is expected to have an impact in the price / value of the asset class, it would be conflict of interest for the ET/ET Now staffer to have a holding in that asset class. In general, you are encouraged not to participate in the futures-and-options segment of the equity market except to hedge your equity investments against market risk through index futures and options. You will not buy or sell single-stock futures. Investments in bonds issued by companies/governments/state agencies/municipalities are permitted as long as these are held for a minimum of three months. . There are no restrictions on investments in instruments issued by banks, post offices and small-savings institutions. Mutual fund investments are permitted in any asset class (equity, index, commodity, real estate etc. . You are required to make a disclosure of your securities holdings as per the format prescribed by the Company, at the end of every quarter. The company undertakes to keep your declarations confidential In addition, designated managers and journalists are required to disclose their current portfolio and declare their specific investment transactions during the reporting p eriod in a format prescribed by the company. The management is committed to keeping this information confidential, but reserves the right to share the records with a regulatory / inquiry agency investigating securities fraud or insider trading. This Code of Conduct along with the Code of Financial Conduct is meant to facilitate our adherence to integrity, not to exhaust unfair ways of information arbitrage. These are central to the Companys mission; any failure to abide by them could attract civil and criminal liability on yourself and on the Company, its Directors and officers, and therefore could be subject to review, and result in disciplinary action, ranging from admonishment to dismissal, depending on the gravity of the infraction. Therefore at all times, employee conduct should conform not only to the rules but also to the principle of integrity. â€Å"Mission of â€Å"TIMES OF INDIA†: â€Å"The Times of India Group is the aggregator of content in any form in the infotainment Industry. We collect amp; sell content to right target audience†. The Mantra â€Å"YOU ARE EMPOWERED â€Å" STAGES OF GROWTH * To empower the reader to live the life of their dreams. * To facilitate better decision. * To provoke Thought * Global Experience Love for the community * Adopt the Reader’s worldwide view. * Liberate the mind * Cheerfulness in the circus of life. We grow at this stage because: OUR CENTRAL VALUE IS YOU! The Times of India (English) Operated by Bennett Coleman and Company Limited With a lineage stretching back to more than 170 years, Time of India sells more than 3. 5 million copies each day across 41 locations in India – making it not only the largest English daily in India, but also the world. TOI, hich was voted as the among the world’s six greatest newspapers way back in 1988 by BBC, has now moved ahead of international stalwarts like The Sun, The Daily Mail, USA Today, New York Times, Wall Street Journal, Los Angeles Times and Washington Post amongst others. Today TOI is India’s national newspaper with editions spread across most states, which is complemented by its robust presence in on-line domain too through its e-paper and dynamic online site timesofindia. com Apart from meeting the information and entertainment needs of readers cutting across communities, cultures and geographic locations, The Times of India also uncovers many a India left untouched. And in this exercise, brand extensions of our existing English titles into regional languages plays a pivotal role in transiting readers to the English mainstream. It would not be wrong to say that most English-speaking Indians across all prominent metros and state capitals, begin their day by reading a copy of TOI. So be it the civil society or the ruling class, businessman or student, executive or manager, professional or amateur, clergy or judge – the day is not complete without reading The Times of India. The Times of India has a pan-India presence in 41 centres with 15 main editions, namely: Ahmedabad Bangalore Chennai Goa Hyderabad Jaipur Kanpur Kolkata Lucknow Mangalore Mumbai Mysore Nagpur New Delhi Pune The Times of India Supplements: Times of India Metro Supplements (TIMS) In 1994 The Times of India took a bold step at experimenting with not just news, but something which was more. The resultant was a supplement –Bombay Times – which broke the mould when it came to capturing the latest about what’s happening in and around the city in a package captured the essence of the city – its people, culture, fashion, art, theatre, sports, films and private and public social gatherings. Times Pluses Times Pluses are supplements with local news and advertising which is customized for various readers through geographic zones within a particular market. The Pluses are a tool for readers to address their civic and other local and topical issues which are specific to their location. The immense success of Pluses has sparked of various Pluses across the length and breadth of India. Needless to say, they have also bred me-too clones published by our competitors – but not with that great degree of success as ours. Times Ascent A weekly supplement that has the best job postings and career related news and views from doyens of corporate world and academicians. Education Times The weekly supplement that has the best of content related to education and career options – right from primary level to doctorate. What’s Hot A weekly tabloid on entertainment and lifestyle published ahead of each weekend with the specific focus on informing readers about the events and activities that one can participate over the weekend like movies, TV shows, theatre, eating out, shopping etc. Life Aimed at initiating a dialogue and provoking thought and debate among its readers, Life is the glossy lifestyle supplement published every Sunday with The Sunday Times of India. Often the topics touched upon are the ones which normal run-of-the mill newspapers would like to avoid in fear of generating extreme opinions. Life lays every aspect of life bare for the reader to think and decide. Times Property This is a weekly supplement that contains the best of news, analysis and announcements on real estate that is read by investors and buyers/sellers of real estate. The Times of India New Media: The Times of India Online The Times of India Online is India’s most popular news site. With 13 million unique visitors and more than 300 million page views per month, it consistently ranks among the world’s Top 10 English-language newspaper sites. It offers complete, in-depth and up-to-date coverage — in text and video formats — of national, international, city, sports, entertainment, lifestyle, business, health, science and technology topics. The Times of India epaper The Times of India is among the first newspaper in Asia to launch the online replica version of the physical edition. The Times of India mobilepaper The Times of India was also among the first newspapers in India to launch the replica of the physical edition exclusively for mobile users. DIGITAL The Times of India Online The Times of India Online is India’s most popular news site. With 13 million unique visitors and more than 300 million p

Use a Dash for Number Ranges

Use a Dash for Number Ranges Use a Dash for Number Ranges Use a Dash for Number Ranges By Mark Nichol Which symbol should be used with numbers: a hyphen (-), or an en dash (–)? The question may seem trivial a dash is a dash, right? but using the correct symbol aids comprehension, just as commas and semicolons signal distinct grammatical structures, and no one will argue that those two punctuation marks can be used interchangeably. Hyphens are used to separate groups of numbers, such as in telephone numbers or numbers of financial accounts. But for almost all other cases, the correct punctuation mark is an en dash, which indicates a range or a difference. A span of years (such as â€Å"2009–2012†) or any other time range includes an en dash. (And note that â€Å"from 2009–2012† and â€Å"between 2009–2012† are incorrect; either use both from and to, or between and and, or neither.) The same treatment is given to a sequence of components, such as a range of chapter or page numbers or amounts (for example, â€Å"chapters 1–10† or â€Å"250–300 pages†). A range of monetary amounts and any other amounts is also represented this way, as in â€Å"Salary range: $75,000–$80,000.† (Note that when expressing a range with very large numbers, to avoid confusion, the first number should not be abbreviated; for example, â€Å"$75–$80,000† means â€Å"from $75 to $80,000,† not â€Å"from $75,000 to $80,000.†) Two contexts that cause confusion about which dash to use are scores and votes. These are not, technically, ranges, because nothing exists between them, as in the case of â€Å"2009–2012,† in which that time span includes 2010 and 2011 as well, and of â€Å"chapters 1–10,† which also includes every page between 1 and 10. But The Chicago Manual of Style, reasoning that the symbol between the numbers represents a difference between two values (and that the symbol is pronounced to), has elected to use en dashes for both types of representation. Therefore, use an en dash to indicate scores for sports or other competitions (for example, â€Å"Her team won 6–3† or â€Å"They came back from behind to chalk up a 97–92 victory†). Note, however, that when a score does not immediately follow a verb or precede a noun, as in the examples above, it should be set off from the rest of the sentence by one or two commas: â€Å"East prevailed over West, 97–92†; â€Å"East prevailed over West, 97–92, for the league championship.† Win-loss records should also be formatted with an en dash: â€Å"The team went on to earn an 8–4 record.† Votes are treated the same way: â€Å"The city council approved the project with a 5–2 vote.† Many newspapers and websites follow the style recommended by the Associated Press Stylebook, which is to simply use a hyphen in place of an en dash. That preference presumably dates from the lead-type era, when compositors didn’t want to be bothered about trying to distinguish a – from a on a piece of metal the size of a watermelon seed. Last time I noticed, however, producing an en dash was a simpler task. Dare to dash. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:75 Contronyms (Words with Contradictory Meanings)Loan, Lend, Loaned, Lent10 Writing Exercises to Tighten Your Writing

Evidence-Based Practice Example

Evidence Evidence Evidence-Based Practice Evidence-Based Practice Research in nursing is a systematic study that encompasses testing, evaluation of programs and development of methods designed to test a generalized hypothesis. Human subject is a living individual from whom an investigator obtains information by with interacting with the person. An investigator decides if the study is to involve participation of human. Involvement of human subjects in a scientific study requires the researcher to familiarize and adhere to regulations that govern participants’ rights and safety (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2011).Protecting Vulnerable PopulationsCertain groups of human subjects including prisoners, children, students, and individuals whose capacity to consent is questionable are relatively incapable of protecting their interests as research participants (Berg & Latin, 2008, p. 18). Legally, children are not at the right age to consent to research or treatment and, therefore, only parents and the le gal guardians have the right to provide consent for children to take part in a research investigation. Methods for protecting vulnerable groups include informed consent and intuitional issues. Informed consent as an ethical, legal and regulatory concept forms an integral part of research that involves human research participants. A written consent document is a vital component of a proposal submitted to an Instructional Review Board (IRB). IRB has the mandate to review and validates all the research study involving human subjects. The document informs the prospective participant on the need to participate in the study and to make an informed decision. Institutional issue is another method used in the protection of personal rights of vulnerable individuals in a research study. Institutional contexts demand that voluntaries in a research study receive special care. Protection is mostly relevant in prisons and care homes.ReferencesBerg, K. E., & Latin, R. W. (2008). Essentials of Resea rch Methods in Health, Physical Education, Exercise Science, and Recreation. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.Melnyk, B. M., & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2011). Evidence-based Practice in Nursing & Healthcare: A Guide to Best Practice. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

The Institution of Family in Transition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Institution of Family in Transition - Essay Example Quite simply stated, these writers portray suffering as a strengthening force, colonialism as a rationale for rebellion and the re-identification, even redefinition, of the nation and gender as an irrelevant determinant of capabilities and limitation as they proceed from a premise of gender equity. But how do we read such texts Current literary theory depersonalizes the literature. The critical theories of Bakhtin, Foucault, Kristeva, and Derrida manipulate the parameters for reading and analyzing these works. Even though their theories are critically important and will be used to shed light on the narratives, the study aims to expand its theoretical framework beyond them. The reason is that much is lost in narrowing the possibilities for conversation to gender, sex and the body. For this reason and in an attempt to move from minimalistic readings to the radical readings required to free such texts from theory which marginalizes the meaning it attempts to elucidate, the study will turn to Baktin, Focault and Said's concept of contrapuntal reading. This is a valid approach to textual interpretation and reading since it challenges the static quality of the politics of identity. In Culture and Imperialism (1993) Said expands on ideas he had initiated in his earlier seminal work, Orientalism (1978). Said argues that rather than engaging in literary criticism that divides and separates along the lines of identities - race, class, gender, and sexuality - those identities should be recognized but not polarized. Said views these identities as special but part of overlapping and interconnected experiences. Rather than reading texts separately and isolating them according to its special history of identity, Said suggests that texts be read from a comparative, or contrapuntal, perspective. we must be able to think through and interpret together experiences that are discrepant, each with its particular agenda and pace of development, its own internal formations, its internal coherence and system of external relationships, all of them coexisting and interacting with others (Said 32). Said emphasizes the importance of recognizing the interdependence of various histories on each other, such as slavery, Islamic fundamentalism, and the caste system, as well as the interaction of contemporary societies with each other, such as the United States, South Africa, Egypt, Lebanon and India. Thus, in the act of reading, the reader must place the text in both its historical and current situation and place the texts in conversation with each other for the purpose of a deeper understanding of oneself and others. In other words, contrapuntal reading requires a perspective beyond one's own national borders, or landscape, into a universal perspective, where a collective memory represents the whole rather than the fragmented. In formulating a strategy for reading postcolonial texts, the study adheres to Baktin, Focault and Said's concept of contrapuntal reading. But before such an approach can be formulated, it is necessary to

The Two Dominant Political Parties of the United States of America Essay

The Two Dominant Political Parties of the United States of America - Essay Example All the variances in people figures have affected, modified and changed the political approaches and arena over time. The original thinking of great minds in the early civilization of America either no longer exists or has been aptly altered or transformed. In sum, the multi-faceted US landscape resulted in the growth and development of its politics being intertwined with the ethnic compositions of the social order. Despite these factors, it is very significant and interesting to observe that the American internal political influence is shared by only two dominant parties, the Republican and the Democratic, unlike in other free sovereignties where run-off elections are an ordinary scenario caused by multi-party rumbles not giving a majority vote for any party at first instance.. Of course, there are other groups (like the Libertarian, the Constitution and the Green parties) moved by different ideological or causal beliefs but these are seemingly petty pockets which do not require much attention. The Democratic Party is the oldest political party in the US. Historically, its founding dates back to as early as in 1790 after those who followed the great George Washington started to struggle for national prominence.4 Ironically, the first president himself did not belong to any political party and he was vocal about being against the establishment of one.5 While the Democratic Party of today is commonly perceived to be liberal, its roots were not exactly identified with that perception. The passing of time together with so much changing of the guards has introduced dilutions. In the early stages of its organization, the foremost pillars of the Democratic Party, while divided, were not totally against slavery and racial discrimination. But if we go back to the 1960's, Democrat Robert F. Kennedy was a moving proponent who vigorously supported the doctrines and actions of Martin Luther King albeit there were charges of inappropriateness on the part of the former anent eliciting pr ivate information from the latter. Be it also noted that the Reverend Jesse Jackson, a true disciple of Luther King and one shining embodiment of the civil rights movement, has been a long-time stalwart of the party. On the other side of the coin, we have the Republican Party which was founded resultant of in-house fighting among the original democrats of the post-George Washington era. Among its major crusades during infancy stage, slavery and racism were condemned. In contrast, however, perception of Republican icons say another thing. Thus, Republican Ronald Reagan was criticized so much for his alleged racist and discriminatory stance despite the fact that he made into law the observation of a national day honoring Martin Luther King and the fact that he appointed the first woman Supreme Court justice. Reagan,

The U.S. Navy Role in World War II Essay Example for Free

The U.S. Navy Role in World War II Essay Abstract World War II was the mightiest struggle humankind has ever seen. It killed more people, cost more money, damaged more property, affected more people, and caused more far-reaching changes in nearly every country than any other war in history. The number of people killed, wounded, or missing between September 1939 and September 1945 can never be calculated, but it is estimated that more than 55 million people perished. More than 50 countries took part in the war, and the whole world felt its effects. Men fought in almost every part of the world, on every continent except Antarctica. Chief battlegrounds included Asia, Europe, North Africa, the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, and the Mediterranean Sea. The United States hoped to stay out. Drawing on its experience from World War I, Congress passed a series of neutral acts between 1935 and 1939, which were intended to prevent Americans becoming entangled with belligerents While America was wallowing in neutrality and isolationism, events were occurring in Europe and Asia that were causing increasing tension across the regions. Japan and the United States had been edging toward war for decades. The United States was particularly unhappy with Japan’s increasingly belligerent attitude toward China. The Japanese government believed that the only way to solve its economic and demographic problems was to expand into its neighbor’s territory and take over its import market; to this end, Japan had declared war on China in 1937(Tsukiyama, 2006) . American officials responded to this aggression with a battery of economic sanctions and trade embargoes. They reasoned that without access to money and goods, and especially essential supplies like oil, Japan would have to rein in its expansionism. Instead, the sanctions made the Japanese more determined to  stand their ground. During months of negotiations between Tokyo and Washington DC, neither side would budge. It seemed that war was inevitable. No one believed that the Japanese would start that war with an attack on American territory. For one thing, it would be terribly inconvenient for the Japanese. Hawaii and Japan were about 4,000 miles apart. For another, American intelligence officials were confident that any Japanese attack would take place in one of the relatively nearby European colonies in the South Pacific: the Dutch East Indies, for instance, or Singapore or Indochina(Tsukiyama, 2006) . Because American military leaders were not expecting an attack so close to home, the naval facilities at Pearl Harbor were relatively undefended. Almost the entire Pacific Fleet was moored around Ford Island in the harbor, and hundreds of airplanes were squeezed onto adjacent airfields. To the Japanese, Pearl Harbor was an irresistible target. The Japanese plan was simple, Destroy the Pacific Fleet. That way, the Americans would not be able to fight back as Japan’s armed forces spread across the South Pacific. On December 7, after months of planning and practice, the Japanese launched their attack. At about 8 a.m., Japanese planes filled the sky over Pearl Harbor. Bombs and bullets rained onto the vessels moored below. At 8:10, a 1,800-pound bomb smashed through the deck of the battleship USS Arizona and landed in her forward ammunition magazine. The ship exploded and sank with more than 1,000 men trapped inside. Next, torpedoes pierced the shell of the battleship USS Oklahoma(Tsukiyama, 2006) . With 400 sailors aboard, the Oklahoma lost her balance, rolled onto her side and slipped underwater. By the time the attack was over, every battleship in Pearl Harbor–USS Arizona, USS Oklahoma, USS California, USS West Virginia, USS Utah, USS Maryland, USS Penn sylvania, USS Tennessee and USS Nevada had sustained significant damage. In all, the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor crippled or destroyed 18 American ships and nearly 300 airplanes. Dry docks and airfields were likewise destroyed. Most important, almost 2,500 men were killed and another 1,000 were wounded(Tsukiyama, 2006) . The Japanese had failed to cripple the Pacific Fleet. By the 1940s, battleships were no longer the most important naval vessel: Aircraft carriers were, and as it happened, all of the Pacific Fleet’s carriers were away from the base on December 7. Moreover, the Pearl Harbor assault had left the base’s most vital onshore facilities–oil storage depots, repair  shops, shipyards and submarine docks–intact. As a result, the U.S. Navy was able to rebound relatively quickly from the attack. The following day president Roosevelt addressed the nation stating â€Å"Yesterday the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked. No matter now long it may take us to overcome this premeditated invasion, the American people in their righteous might will win through to absolute victory. I believe I interpret the will of the Congress and of the people when I assert that we will not only defend ourselves to the uttermost, but will make very certain that this form of treachery shall never endanger us again.† On December 8, Congress approved Roosevelt’s declaration of war. Three days later, Japanese allies Germany and Italy declared war against the United States. For the second time, Congress reciprocated. More than two years after the start of the conflict, the United States had entered World War II. Six months after the attack on Pearl Harbor, the United States defeated Japan in one of the most decisive naval battles of World War II. This fleet engagement between U.S. and Japanese navies in the north-central Pacific Ocean resulted from Japans desire to sink the American aircraft carriers that had escaped destruction at Pearl Harbor. Admiral Yamamoto Isoroku, Japanese fleet commander, chose to invade a target relatively close to Pearl Harbor to draw out the American fleet, calculating that when the United States began its counterattack, the Japanese would be prepared to crush them. Instead, an American intelligence breakthroughthe solving of the Japanese fleet codesenabled Pacific Fleet commander Admiral Chester W. Nimitz to understand the exact Japanese plans. Nimitz placed available U.S. carriers in position to surprise the Japanese moving up for their preparatory air strikes on Midway Island itself. The intelligence interplay would be critical to the outcome of the battle and began many weeks before the clash of arms. American radio nets in the Pacific picked up various orders Yamamoto had dispatched to prepare his forces for the operation. As early as May 2, messages that were intercepted began to indicate some forthcoming operation, and a key fact, the planned day-of-battle position of the Japanese carriers, would be divulged in a notice sent on May 16. By the time Nimitz had to make final decisions, the Japanese plans and order of battle had been reconstructed in considerable detail. American combat forces took over where intelligence efforts left off. Scouts found the Japanese early in  the morning of June 4. Although initial strikes by Midway-based planes were not successful, American carrier-based planes turned the tide. Torpedo bombers became separated from the American dive-bombers and were slaughtered 36 of 42 shot down, but they diverted Japanese defenses just in time for the dive-bombers to arrive; some of them had become lost, and now by luck they found the Japanese. The Japanese carriers were caught while refueling and rearming their planes, making them especially vulnerable. The Americans sank four fleet carriers the entire strength of the task force Akagi, Kaga, Soryu, and Hiryu, with 322 aircraft and over five thousand sailors. The Japanese also lost the heavy cruiser Mikuma. American losses included 147 aircraft and more than three hundred seamen. The last and biggest of the Pacific island battles of World War II, what the battle of Okinawa the campaign involved the 287,000 troops of the U.S. Tenth Army against 130,000 soldiers of the Japanese Thirty-second Army. At stake were air bases vital to the projected invasion of Japan. Japanese forces changed their typical tactics of resisting at the waters edge to a defense in depth, designed to gain time. In conjunction with this, the Japanese navy and army mounted mass air attacks by planes on one-way suicide missions. The Japanese also sent their last big battleship, the Yamato, on a similar mission with a few escorts(Lacey, 2003) . The kamikaze tactics the Japanese used on these missions, although not especially sophisticated, but their determination made it especially difficult for the Allies. The net result made Okinawa a mass bloodletting both on land and at sea, and among both the islands civilian population and the military. A series of defense lines across the island, both north and south of the American landing beaches, enabled the Japanese to conduct a fierce defense of Okinawa over many weeks. Using pillboxes and strong points, caves, and even some ancient castles, the Japanese defense positions supported one another and often resisted even the most determined artillery fire or air strikes. Mounting few attacks themselves, the Japanese conserved their strength for this defense(Lacey, 2003) . Caves or pillboxes often had to be destroyed individually with dynamite charges. This battle took place in an environment much more heavily populated than most Pacific islands, with civilian casualties of almost 100,000 and equally heavy losses for the Japanese army. It was a scene straight out of hell. There is no other way to describe it, recalls Higa  Tomiko, then a seven-year-old girl, who survived the battle. The commanding generals on both sides died in the course of this battle. American general Simon B. Buckner by artillery fire, Japanese general Ushijima Mitsuru by suicide. Other U.S. losses in ground combat included 7,374 killed, 31,807 wounded, and 239 missing in action(Lacey, 2003) . The navy suffered 4,907 killed or missing aboard 34 ships sunk and 368 damaged; 763 aircraft were lost. At sea and in the air, the Japanese expended roughly 2,800 aircraft, plus a battleship, a light cruiser, and four destroyers, with losses that can be estimated at upwards of 10,000. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers was tasked with spearheading the construction of the vast facilities necessary for the top-secret program, codenamed The Manhattan Project. Hiroshima, a manufacturing center of some 350,000 people located about 500 miles from Tokyo, was selected as the first target. After arriving at the U.S. base on the Pacific island of Tinian, the more than 9,000-pound uranium-235 bomb was loaded aboard a modified B-29 bomber christened Enola Gay. The plane dropped the bombknown as Little Boyby parachute at 8:15 in the morning, and it exploded 2,000 feet above Hiroshima in a blast equal to 12 to15,000 tons of TNT, destroying five square miles of the city. Hiroshimas devastation failed to elicit immediate Japanese surrender, however, and on August 9 Major Charles Sweeney flew another B-29 bomber, Bockscar, from Tinian. Thick clouds over the primary target, the city of Kokura, drove Sweeney to a secondary target, Nagasaki, where the plutonium bomb Fat Man was dropped at 11:02 that morning. More powerful than the one used at Hiroshima, the bomb weighed nearly 10,000 pounds and was built to produce a 22-kiloton blast. The topography of Nagasaki, which was nestled in narrow valleys between mountains, reduced the bombs effect, limiting the destruction to 2.6 square miles. Japans Emperor Hirohito announced his countrys unconditional surrender in World War II in a radio address on August 15, citing the devastating power of a new and most cruel bomb. References 1. Naval History and Heritage Command. (2012, May 14). Battle of midway, 4-7 june 1942. Retrieved from http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/events/wwii-pac/midway/midway.htm 2. Lacey, L. (2003, April 13). Battle of okinawa. Retrieved from http://www.militaryhistoryonline.com/wwii/okinawa/default.aspx 3. Tsukiyama, T. (2006). http://nisei.hawaii.edu. Retrieved from http://nisei.hawaii.edu/object/io_1149316185200.html 4. World war 2 history. (2007). Retrieved from http://www.WorldWar2History.info/Midway/ 5. Ohio state university. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://ehistory.osu.edu/wwii/USNCV.cfm 6.Goldfield, D (2010). The american journey: , volume 2 . (6th ed., Vol. 2). Prentice Hall 7. national achivements. (1998, 08). Retrieved from http://www.archives.gov/research/arc/ww2/army-casualties/

Workplace Ethics Essay -- essays research papers

I can describe ethics in the workplace as the right way to act on the job, whether you are the manager or the employee. You can use ethics positively the right way or negative and possibly get yourself and or others fired. I worked at Target for two and a half years and I only have experienced one negative ethical situation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I was hired at Target to be an overnight stocker during Target’s remodeling. There was a team of us five guys and three girls. One night our supervisor called in and said that she was not going to be able to come until the morning. To everyone expect for me, since I was new, this was normal. Our supervisor left a list of instructions for us to follow that night and told us that if anyone had any problems or questions to ask Mike, one of the team members that had...

Analysis of Sherwood Anderson’s Hands Essay

Sherwood Anderson’s short story, Hands, revolves around the themes of being grotesque and being lonely. The author illustrated these themes through the story’s main character, Wing Biddlebaum, who was driven out of his original hometown after he was accused of molesting a young boy in the school which he used to teach in when he caressed the boy’s hair and shoulders using his hands. In short, Wing’s seemingly â€Å"uncontrollable† hands symbolized his grotesqueness. Although Wing had pure intentions in everything he did, his own fear that he might repeat the incident at the school forced him to live in isolation, which also shows that he is lonely. His only friend was George, who was depicted as his â€Å"pupil† and who exhibited the same passion in writing as Wing did in teaching. Basically, from the themes that the author presented in the story, it can be deduced that even though Wing had problems controlling his hands, he still was in fact a normal person as shown in his friendship with George. This was best illustrated when Wing was about to touch George the same way that he touched the boy at the school using his hands but was able to refrain from doing so. He also gave George advice in his career as a reporter for a newspaper, which showed that he wanted to help the boy and not harm him or sexually harass him In addition, the author portrayed that throughout the whole story that when Wing caressed the young boy’s hair and shoulders at the school, he never meant to sexually harass him. His actions were only misinterpreted by the parents of the boy as sexual in nature which eventually led to his isolation. Moreover, the author depicted Wing as a person who still desired human connection but feared doing so because of his â€Å"uncontrollable hands. † In other words, Wing’s apparent â€Å"grotesque† nature, which was symbolized by his hands, was not his fault but the fault of the people and the world around him. It was their perception of Wing that made him grotesque and not his own hands. Works Cited Anderson, Sherwood. 2004. Hands. 14 April 2008 .

Review of “Roses” by Kanye West

Student Project Presentation In 2005 Kanye West released â€Å"Roses† on his second studio album titled â€Å"Late Registration. † Though the composition is classified as hip-hop, it delves into many other genres and niches as it encompasses a wide-ranging mix of blues, rock, R&B, and many others. The extensive collaboration between West and film score producer Jon Brion during the making of the album resulted in a very unique orchestral-like sound thanks to the hiring of a full string section during production.The entirety of the album could be considered a breakthrough as it redefined the genre and what typical hip-hop was expected to sound like by juxtaposing heavy hip-hop beats with orchestral strings. It is this contributing factor that makes it so difficult to compare his musical style to that of any other artists. Although I thoroughly enjoy â€Å"Late Registration† as a whole, â€Å"Roses† is my favorite composition due to the lyrical substance and the manner in which West chose to express his story.West composed the piece entirely himself, a deeply moving story where he recounts his emotions and those of his family as his grandmother lay ill due to heart complications and his views of the healthcare system. Although he did not write out his lyrics at the time, this did not hinder the meaning of the composition in any way as his passion and conviction are still evident in the tonality of his voice and heart felt words as he ever so clearly conveys his story to the listener.The Grammys classifies the composition under its rap category. In 2006 â€Å"Late Registration† was nominated for five Grammys of which it won three for best rap song, best rap solo performance, and best rap album. In my opinion the category suits the composition because though it is not typical, it still is rap. I believe that this song should be a part of our course because of its element of improvisation, which is one of the cornerstones of Jazz.A s I mentioned before, West did not write down any of his lyrics for the composition, or for any of his first four studio albums for that matter, it was all improvised from his head straight to the recording, similar to the bass improvisations of the great Charles Mingus. It can be said that the compositions does have a rhythm section, yet it is not one composed of human players. Instead what you hear is an eclectic mix of synthesized instrument clips compiled into a beat.In the composition West raps over piano and a slow rhythm with the chorus then bringing in trumpet riffs, electric guitar, and vocal sample from Curtis Mayfield’s composition â€Å"Rosie. † So all in all, I am happy to have been able to elaborate on this composition and shined some light on many details and elements that may have been overlooked or just not known by you guys, the listeners. I could only hope that you enjoyed the music as much as I did and am glad to have been able speak to you about a composition that I really admire.

Beside and Besides

Beside and Besides Beside and Besides Beside and Besides By Maeve Maddox Anwar wants to know the difference between beside and besides. Old English had the phrase be sidan, by the side of. OE side meant the flanks of a person, or the long part of anything. By 1200 the phrase was written as one word and used as both adverb and preposition. One meaning for beside in Middle English was outside. This is the sense in the expression to be beside oneself: He was beside himself with worry. He wasnt next to himself, he was outside himself. In modern usage beside is used chiefly as a preposition, while besides can be either a preposition or an adverb. The preposition beside means next to: Joans house stood beside the church. I like to sit beside my friend. As a preposition, besides means in addition to: Besides the administrators, the teachers were allowed to state their views. Besides the prize money, Charlie won a trip to the Bahamas. Besides often introduces a noun clause: Besides what you said, we must consider what she said. As an adverb, besides means in addition, as well as: There is enough for us and all our friends besides. Besides can introduce a further consideration: I dont think Ill attend the conference because it comes at an inconvenient time of year for me. Besides, I cant really afford it. Sometimes besides is a synonym for except or excluding: Besides him, everyone liked the idea. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:7 Classes and Types of Phrases25 Russian Words Used in English (and 25 More That Should Be)Wood vs. Wooden

How to Get Scholarships to Study Abroad

How to Get Scholarships to Study Abroad Finding money to fund your study abroad program is easier than you might think. From program-specific scholarships to the availability of federal funding, heres what you should know about earning study abroad scholarships. Quick Tip Meet with the experts at your university’s study abroad office to learn more about the best scholarship options for your program, and submit your applications as early as possible to maximize your funding. Finding Study Abroad Funding The first place to go after you’ve decided to study abroad is your university’s study abroad office, sometimes called an international learning office. There, youll meet experts who can answer any questions you might have about funding and help you understand the costs of your program. They’ll also be able to direct you toward the funding opportunities that best suit your situation and provide support during the application process. Study abroad funding options change every year. In order to get the most up-to-date information, utilize one of these regularly updated databases that list grants and scholarships to fund your study abroad experience. (Note that some organizations also provide low-interest student loans specifically for study abroad participants.) AIFSFastWebThe College BoardIIE Passport   Diversity Abroad   Ã‚  Scholarships.com  SmartScholar Applying Federal Aid to Study Abroad  Programs If you receive federal aid to pay your regular tuition, those funds can often be applied to your study abroad program, with a couple of conditions. First, you need to be enrolled at least half-time at your host university. Second, the program must advance you toward your degree. Other conditions might also apply, so its essential to communicate with both your home university and your host university throughout the process. If the cost of tuition at your host university exceeds that of your home university, you might be able to secure a temporary increase in your Pell Grant, as long as you meet eligibility requirements. Program-specific Study Abroad Scholarships Programs like USAC, CIEE, Semester at Sea, and National Student Exchange make study abroad as affordable as possible, and in some cases even help students obtain passports.   USAC, CIEE, and AIFS The University Studies Abroad Consortium (USAC), the Council on International Education Exchange (CIEE), and the American Institute for Foreign Study (AIFS) are three of many study abroad facilitators with programs in six continents and hundreds of cities. These program facilitators operate within massive collegiate networks, allowing them to keep costs as low as possible to help students afford to study abroad. In addition to low tuition costs, program facilitators maintain strong ties within the local communities. These connections allow the facilitators to place students with host families for better language acquisition and lower out of pocket housing costs. The facilitators also offer private scholarships and financial guidance for participating students. Semester at Sea Semester at Sea is a program that uses a ship as its home base and travels to at least ten countries across three or four continents, depending on the route. A semester-long voyage comes with a hefty price tag, but the organization provides scholarship opportunities and external funding assistance to prospective students. In addition to a private scholarship portal, Semester at Sea also offers a Pell Grant match. National Student Exchange National Student Exchange is a network of colleges and universities based in the United States, Canada, Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and Guam that facilitates accessible opportunities for college students to study away from their home university. Student participants in the NSE program enroll at another participating university for a semester or a full academic year, depending on availability and individual preference.  The program recommends choosing an exchange institution that will complement your studies at your home university, helping you reach academic and career goals. NSE is an affordable option for many students that don’t have the funds or the time to study abroad. Though your institution does need to be a member of NSE in order for you to participate, the network of member institutions is large. Because the schools work together to facilitate these exchanges, you will have the option to pay either in-state tuition at your host university or your regular tuition at your home university. Any scholarships or federal aid you receive annually is eligible to be used to pay for your NSE tuition.   Federal, Non-profit, and Corporate Study Abroad Scholarships There are a handful of government-sponsored study abroad scholarships available to undergraduates, particularly those looking to develop language and diplomatic skills in areas of interest to the United States. Sponsored by the National Security Education Program, Boren Scholarships provide up to $20,000 for students to study in countries critical to the U.S. national interest. Students who receive a Boren Scholarship are required to complete at least one year of federal government employment after graduation. The Benjamin A. Gilman International Scholarship provides need-based funding for students to study or intern abroad. To be eligible, students must be enrolled in a two-year or four-year accredited university, and they must be receiving a Pell Grant at the time of application or prove that they will receive a Pell Grant during the course of the study abroad program. If your community has a Rotary club, the Rotary Foundation provides scholarships up to the equivalent of four years of study to high school, undergraduate, graduate students. Since these scholarships are dependent on your local Rotary club, scholarship amounts and eligibility requirements will vary. Contact your local Rotary club for information on the scholarships they offer.   Other nonprofit organization and corporations, including the Fund for Education Abroad, Scott’s Cheap Flights, American Legion (in cooperation with Samsung), and Unigo provide annual scholarship opportunities.

Global warmming Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Global warmming - Term Paper Example The concerns surrounding global warming revolve around human activities in all productive sectors that are aimed at enhancing the livelihood of the people and the global economies. In the process, the environment has suffered immense damage, and the situation seems to worsen every single day. Dating back to the 19th Century when global warming debates began hitting global headlines, the magnitude and extent of global warming and climate change has persistently moved from bad to worse. The average global temperatures have kept rising, amid interests, campaigns and efforts to reduce climate change in order to contain global warming. Contributing factors to the persistence of global warming are diverse and dynamic. This means that the already existing drivers of global warming continue to worsen the situation, as more emerging factors are realized in the same line. Global warming is seemingly the worst case factor in the climate change context. Global warming and climate change in general is triggered by a number of factors, both existing and newly emerging. As a matter of fact, global warming did not start today, nor did it start few years ago. Global warming has become a realized outcome from a long-lived process, significantly dating back to the 19th Century. The causes of global warming vary from one country to another, but all these causes summed up influence global warming as a whole across the globe. One of the most critical causes of global warming is the greenhouse effect (Filter & Ringward 32). Horticultural agriculture has essentially become a global undertaking due to the ever rising global demand for agricultural produce. Greenhouse effects have resulted in the depletion of the ozone layer, causing persistent increase in global average temperatures over time. Although the extent of greenhouse effects varies from one country to another, the effects are spread across the globe.

Response to Law and Authority Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Response to Law and Authority - Essay Example The question of an obligation to obey the law often crops up especially in the current world where some laws within a legal system are deemed to be unjust or evil and we find ourselves within such systems. All legal systems have laws that impose obligations for their obedience but each has different criteria for measuring such kind of obedience to the law. Obedience is the act of following orders without questioning as it is deemed that they come from a legitimate authority, which may be conferred upon a person or entity by the society. Therefore, just as it is expected that all persons will be obedient to the law, the society expects that we obey the orders or the rules that are set by the legitimate authorities. Plato’s â€Å"Crito† examines how a person should respond to the law when he feels that the process has wrongly convicted him and suggests the ethical bases for obedience to the law. The ethical obligations to obey the law include the fact that, the citizen may have acquiesced to the existence of such a law and therefore, there is an implied or express accord to comply with the provisions of the said law, or if there is no implied agreement, his actions estop him from disobeying that law (Plato and Jowett, 1990). If there is no action or assent by the citizen, he is simply a beneficiary conferred to him by other citizens and therefore has an obligation to obey the law. Socrates argued that if the state was indeed protecting its young ones, then it was right for him to be declared guilty of corrupting the minds of the youth and should be punished according to the law. This is despite his personal convictions, questionings to the members of the city and examining of logi c to arrive at the true position. Reflection on the thoughts in Crito, there is a clear understanding of the teachings of Plato in that as a matter of justice and rights, laws cannot in

Designing and implemlenting an evaluation of the quality of yur Lab Report

Designing and implemlenting an evaluation of the quality of yur clinical teaching - Lab Report Example It is also worth noting that teacher evaluation exercises should focus on teaching practices rather than on individual teachers. To focus on professionalism in the teaching industry and in individual teachers, evaluations should consider the responsiveness and the involvement of others in such exercises. The key processes or stages in a teaching evaluation exercise include planning, preparation, observation, data collection, reporting, and follow-up. Notwithstanding the approaches used in teacher evaluation, these exercises should form an integral of the larger strategy education and teacher improvement. The other important part of teacher evaluation is its being dialogical rather than hierarchical. Teacher evaluation is not a preserve of the education industry; instead, other industries such as nursing also require teacher evaluation exercises as nurses require continual training and refresher course. Evaluation of clinical teaching with regards to student learning and competency is quite instrumental in giving teachers, administrators and employers of training programs an overview of the quality of the teaching and learning practices of those involved. However, that clinical teacher should also be evaluated makes it necessary for those concerned to design and implement various teaching evaluation policies and approaches. The design and the implementation of clinical teaching evaluation tools is thus quite a crucial undertaking in nursing and other types of clinical education. This paper designs and implements a nursing teaching evaluation for the employer, detailing the approaches used in the evaluation and changes suitable for improving future nursing teaching. Nursing Teaching Evaluation and Improvement There are several reasons for which the undertaken nursing teaching evaluation was conducted. First, nursing teaching evaluation helps employers and administrators to gauge the effectiveness of teaching personnel, thus contributing to informed and wise decis ion making in clinical educational institutions. One method by which the nursing teaching evaluation was done is the use of student evaluators. It is often recommended that administrators and employers assess the evaluation tools used on their reliability, relevance and validity. In this nursing practice evaluation, the development process and psychometric testing for clinical and educational evaluation of teaching were applied. Since the students were required to fill without feeling their time was being wasted, the evaluation instruments had to be relatively short. The instruments were quite useful in meeting the reasons for which evaluation is such an important part of nursing and nursing education. The first aim of the evaluation was to determine whether the educational interventions used are effective in assisting learners to achieve the expected outcomes. Just in the same way as students are constantly assessed to determine their progress, so should nursing teachers. A five-ev aluator program, which is a rather accurate and valid evaluation approach critical in the education of competent professional nurses, was used in the nursing teaching evaluation. The evaluators included educators, students, peers, administrators and heads of programs and/or departments such as pediatric, health, administration, medical-surgical, psychiatric. However,